Introduction

This project aims for an advanced LPG regulator. By taking the help of modern engineering and technology we are trying for making a smart LPG regulator which will operate through password. This is a safety approach towards children while parents are not at home. The LPG gas through the regulator opens by applying the correct code otherwise not.

Materials required

1. Battery
2. Transformer
3. Capacitor
4. Resistor
5. Transistor
6. LED
7. Diode
8. 7805 voltage regulator
9. Relay
10.  Switch
11. LPG Regulator

Block diagram

Component Description

Battery

We have used 12 volt lead acid battery here for back up.

Transformer

It consists of two coils of insulated copper wire linked by an iron core. Transformers are used to step up (increase) or step down (decrease) AC voltages. Energy is transferred between the coils by the magnetic field in the core. There is   no electrical connection between the coils. Here we have used a shell type step down transformer which step downs 230 volt AC to 12 volt AC. It can supply maximum 1 A current.

Capacitor

A capacitor stores electric charge. Capacitors used here are mica and electrolytic type.

Resistor

A resistor restricts the flow of current. The resistors used here are carbon film and quarter watt type.

Transistor

A transistor amplifies current. It can be used with other components to make an amplifier or switching circuit. BC 547 is a general purpose transistor. It is an npn epitaxial silicon transistor. Its maximum collector current (DC) is 100mA.

LED (Light Emitting Diode)

It is a transducer which converts electrical energy into light energy.

Diode 1N4007

These are general purpose diodes. These diodes have high current capability and low forward voltage drop. The average rectified output current is one ampere.

7805 voltage regulator

The 7805 voltage regulator IC gives us a constant 5 volt DC power supply from a 12 volt rectified output voltage. So , where the rest of the 7 volt goes ? Actually, the rest 7 volt goes nowhere. It is dissipated as heat in the heat sink provided to the voltage regulator IC.

Relay

Generally relay is defined as an electromagnetic switch. The relay used here is a 12 volt ice cube type.

Working

After applying the correct code, the motor is activated in the forward direction through H- Bridge which opens the regulator. Like that the regulator is closed by applying the appropriate code.  The rectifier circuit feeds 12 volt to charge the battery.

The full bridge rectifier converts 12 V AC into 12 V DC and filtered by the 1000 µF capacitor. The LED in series with 1 kΩ resistor is just for power indication purpose. The output is connected to 12 V battery terminals for charging. A diode is connected in series with the positive output of rectifier circuit and positive terminal of 12 V battery to avoid continuous glowing of power indicator even when we are not charging.

Advantage

1. This is a safety approach towards children while parents are not at home.
2. This avoids misuse of LPG.